Pepper spray is used as a temporary self-defense measure because it can neutralize an attacker due to the chemical reaction it causes. Pepper spray usually causes: Those who take drugs or are exposed to restraining techniques that restrict the airways risk death. In 1995, the Los Angeles Times reported at least 61 deaths related to police use of pepper spray in the United States since 1990. [14] The American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) has documented 27 people in police custody who have died after pepper spray in California since 1993.[15][16] However, the ACLU report counts all deaths that occurred within hours of exposure to pepper spray, regardless of previous interaction, Taser use, or drug involvement. In the 27 cases listed by the ACLU, the coroner`s report identified other factors as the leading cause of death; In a few cases, the use of pepper spray may have contributed. An emulsifier such as propylene glycol is used to suspend OC in water, and the suspension is then pressurized to make pepper spray aerosol. There are regulations on how much mass or pepper spray (intended for humans) a New York resident can purchase and transport. It is only legal to buy a can of safety spray that is small enough to fit in a standard bag. The state`s law on the purchase of pepper spray in New York states that each person can only buy two cans during a transaction. However, legal experts warn that more and more people are arming themselves with protective devices – some of which can cause serious injury – could face criminal prosecution if used in the wrong situation.
MICHIGANLegal with restrictions. Michigan law contains size restrictions (no more than 35 grams of CS [CS is the only accepted tear gas] or no more than 10%, OC. Sale to minors is prohibited. Section 750.224d. Michigan Law Extract Click HereModified December 2010750.224d Self-defense spray or foam device. DISTRICT OF COLUMBIALno matter with restrictions. Self-defence sprays are legal if they are used or possessed by a person 18 years of age or older „in the exercise of reasonable force to defend the person or property of the person only if they are propelled from an aerosol container, labelled or accompanied by clearly written and dated instructions for use to indicate their expected useful life.“ Articles 6-2322 et seq. · When purchasing such a spray, the buyer must fill out a standard registration form, and the seller must send the form to the Metropolitan Police Department. Section 6-2324. The pepper spray has been linked to the asphyxiation of people in police custody. There is much debate about the actual cause of death in these cases.
There are few controlled clinical trials on the human health effects of pepper spray marketed to the police, and these studies are contradictory. Some studies did not find harmful effects other than those described above. [21] As a result of these studies and deaths, many law enforcement agencies have decided to include policies and training to prevent position-related deaths. [22] [23] However, some scientific studies maintain that the claim of positional suffocation is a myth because the pressure is exerted precisely on a person. The study by two universities stressed that no pressure should be exerted on the neck area. They concluded that the person`s weight is not scientifically enough to stop a person`s breathing with the rest of their body. [24] PENNSYLVANIALis irrelevant. The „chemical club“ is explicitly excluded from the definition of weapons. There does not appear to be any regulation or restriction on the legal use of self-defense sprays. Only law enforcement officers can legally wear or possess pepper spray labeled for use on individuals. Any similar cartridge labeled „dog spray“ or „bear spray“ is regulated under the Pest Control Products Act – while it is legal to be carried by anyone, it is illegal if its use causes „a risk of imminent death or serious bodily harm to another person“ or harms the environment and is punishable by a fine of up to $500,000 and up to 3 years in jail. [62] Unjustified wearing of bear spray in public can also lead to charges under the Criminal Code.
[63] It is illegal to use pepper spray when committing a crime. In most states, pepper spray is legal to carry and use for self-defense purposes. However, in some states, the use of pepper spray is regulated: Kamran Loghman, the person who developed it for riot control, wrote the police department`s guide on how to use it. It has been successfully adapted except for inappropriate uses, such as when police sprayed peaceful protesters at the University of California, Davis in 2011. Loghman commented, „I have never seen such inappropriate and inappropriate use of chemical agents,“ which has led to court rulings completely banning its use on docile individuals. [3] [4] [5] The U.S. Army conducted studies at the Aberdeen Proving Field in 1993, and a UNC study in 2000 found that the compound in peppers, capsaicin, is mildly mutagenic and that only 10% of the mice exposed to it developed cancer. Although the study also found many positive effects of capsaicin, the Occupational Safety and Health Administration issued statements in which employee exposure to CO poses an unnecessary health risk. In 1999, it was used by more than 2,000 public safety agencies. [17] In cases where a person uses pepper spray against someone who is not clearly about to attack them or who shows no signs of aggression or aggression, it can be difficult to assert the use of pepper spray to defend themselves. NEW YORKThe doesn`t matter with restrictions. The possession of „self-defence sprays“ by persons who are not criminals or who have been convicted of assault, as young as 18, for the protection of persons or property and their otherwise lawful use is legal.
„Self-defense spray“ is defined as „a pocket sprayer containing and releasing a chemical or organic substance intended to cause temporary physical discomfort or disability by spraying or emitting it into the air, or a similar device containing tear gas, pepper spray or a similar disabling agent.“ There are certain labelling requirements. The sale requires both a seller`s license and the completion of a registration form by a buyer. New York residents are only permitted to purchase defense sprays from licensed firearms dealers or licensed pharmacists in that state. No more than two sprays can be sold to the same buyer at the same time. Subsections 265.25 (14) and (15). Pepper spray can be purchased legally and transported to all 50 states. Some states regulate the maximum permitted strength of pepper spray, age restriction, content, and use. [66] FLORIDALegal. Self-defense chemical sprays are legal. They are defined as „a device worn solely for self-defense, compact, intended to be worn on or around the person, and containing no more than two ounces of chemicals.“ Section 790.001. While it may seem superfluous, there is an explicit prohibition on using chemical sprays against a law enforcement officer. Section 790.054.
Pepper spray is an inflammatory agent. It inflames the mucous membranes of the eyes, nose, throat and lungs. [9] It causes immediate closure of the eyes, difficulty breathing, runny nose and cough. [10] The duration of its action depends on the strength of the spraying; The average full effect lasts from 20 to 90 minutes, but irritation and redness of the eyes can last up to 24 hours. [11] WASHINGTON STATE with restrictions. Section 9.91.160 specifically permits the sale and use of „personal protective sprayers“ such as „mace, pepper leg or pepper spray.“ There is an age limit for people 18 or older or 14 with the permission of a parent or guardian. On 14 March 2012, a person dressed in black entered the public gallery of the New South Wales Legislative Council and launched a paper plane in the form of a petition to Police Minister Mike Gallacher calling on the government to allow civilians to carry pepper spray. [90] If someone makes the decision to purchase pepper spray or other self-defense for themselves or others, buyers and users should familiarize themselves with local and state regulations, receive formal training, or watch YouTube tutorials. Knowing how, when and where to use your product correctly and legally can help you maximize your purchase. Do you know if pepper spray is legal in your state? Read and find out. Where is pepper spray legal? Pepper spray is legal in all 50 states, but some states have restrictions.
These are listed below:Arkansas – Product cans must not exceed 150 cc or 5.07 oz.D.C. – The registration form must be completed at the time of purchase and the seller must pick up the form and forward it to the Metropolitan Police Department. California – Cans of product should not exceed 2.5 ounces. Florida – Cans of product must not exceed 2 ounces. Hawaii – The retailer must be licensed to sell.